from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, List, Union
from pathlib import Path
import sys
import shutil

import models
import pipeline as ctx
from API import HydrusNetwork as hydrus_wrapper
from SYS.logger import log, debug
from Store import Store
from ._shared import (
    Cmdlet, CmdletArg, parse_cmdlet_args, SharedArgs,
    extract_tag_from_result, extract_title_from_result, extract_url_from_result,
    merge_sequences, extract_relationships, extract_duration, coerce_to_pipe_object
)
from ._shared import collapse_namespace_tag
from API.folder import read_sidecar, find_sidecar, write_sidecar, API_folder_store
from SYS.utils import sha256_file, unique_path
from metadata import write_metadata

# Use official Hydrus supported filetypes from hydrus_wrapper
SUPPORTED_MEDIA_EXTENSIONS = hydrus_wrapper.ALL_SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS

class Add_File(Cmdlet):
    """Add file into the DB"""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        """Initialize add-file cmdlet."""
        super().__init__(
            name="add-file",
            summary="Upload a media file to specified location (Hydrus, file provider, or local directory).",
            usage="add-file (-path <filepath> | <piped>) (-storage <location> | -provider <fileprovider>) [-delete]",
            arg=[
                SharedArgs.PATH,
                SharedArgs.STORE,
                SharedArgs.HASH,
                CmdletArg(name="provider", type="string", required=False, description="File hosting provider (e.g., 0x0)", alias="prov"),
                CmdletArg(name="delete", type="flag", required=False, description="Delete file after successful upload", alias="del"),
            ],
            detail=[
                "- Storage location options (use -storage):",
                "    hydrus: Upload to Hydrus database with metadata tagging",
                "    local: Copy file to local directory",
                "    <path>: Copy file to specified directory",
                "- File provider options (use -provider):",
                "    0x0: Upload to 0x0.st for temporary hosting",
            ],
            exec=self.run,
        )
        self.register()

    def run(self, result: Any, args: Sequence[str], config: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
        """Main execution entry point."""
        # Parse arguments
        parsed = parse_cmdlet_args(args, self)

        # Initialize state
        path_arg = parsed.get("path")
        location = parsed.get("store")  # Fixed: was "storage", should be "store"
        provider_name = parsed.get("provider")
        delete_after = parsed.get("delete", False)

        # Coerce result to PipeObject; if result is a list, prefer the first element
        effective_result = result
        if isinstance(result, list) and result:
            first_item = result[0]
            # Prefer first item if it's a dict or PipeObject
            if isinstance(first_item, (dict, )):
                effective_result = first_item
        pipe_obj = coerce_to_pipe_object(effective_result, path_arg)

        # Debug: Log input result details
        debug(f"[add-file] INPUT result type={type(result).__name__}")
        if isinstance(result, list):
            debug(f"[add-file] INPUT result is list with {len(result)} items")
            if result and isinstance(result[0], dict):
                first = result[0]
                hash_val = first.get('hash')
                hash_str = hash_val[:12] + "..." if hash_val else "N/A"
                debug(f"[add-file] First item details: title={first.get('title')}, hash={hash_str}, store={first.get('store', 'N/A')}")
        elif isinstance(result, dict):
            hash_val = result.get('hash')
            hash_str = hash_val[:12] + "..." if hash_val else "N/A"
            debug(f"[add-file] INPUT result is dict: title={result.get('title')}, hash={hash_str}, store={result.get('store', 'N/A')}")

        # Debug: Log parsed arguments
        debug(f"[add-file] PARSED args: location={location}, provider={provider_name}, delete={delete_after}")
        
        # Resolve source - returns (media_path_or_url, file_hash)
        media_path_or_url, file_hash = self._resolve_source(result, path_arg, pipe_obj, config)
        debug(f"[add-file] RESOLVED source: path={media_path_or_url}, hash={file_hash[:12] if file_hash else 'N/A'}...")
        if not media_path_or_url:
                debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: Could not resolve source file/URL")
                return 1
        
        # Update pipe_obj with resolved path
        pipe_obj.path = str(media_path_or_url) if isinstance(media_path_or_url, (str, Path)) else str(media_path_or_url)

        # Check if it's a URL before validating as file
        if isinstance(media_path_or_url, str) and media_path_or_url.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
            debug(f"Detected URL target, delegating to download-data: {media_path_or_url}")
            return self._delegate_to_download_data(result, media_path_or_url, location, provider_name, args, config)

        # Convert to Path and validate
        media_path = Path(media_path_or_url) if isinstance(media_path_or_url, str) else media_path_or_url
        
        # Validate source
        if not self._validate_source(media_path):
            debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: Source validation failed for {media_path}")
            return 1

        # Debug: Log execution path decision
        debug(f"[add-file] DECISION POINT: provider={provider_name}, location={location}")
        debug(f"  media_path={media_path}, exists={media_path.exists()}")

        # Execute transfer based on destination (using Store registry)
        if provider_name:
            debug(f"[add-file] ROUTE: file provider upload")
            return self._handle_provider_upload(media_path, provider_name, pipe_obj, config, delete_after)
        elif location:
            # Check if location is a registered backend name
            try:
                store = Store(config)
                backends = store.list_backends()
                
                if location in backends:
                    debug(f"[add-file] ROUTE: storage backend '{location}'")
                    return self._handle_storage_backend(media_path, location, pipe_obj, config, delete_after)
                else:
                    # Treat as local export path
                    debug(f"[add-file] ROUTE: local export to path '{location}'")
                    return self._handle_local_export(media_path, location, pipe_obj, config, delete_after)
            except Exception as exc:
                debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: Failed to resolve location: {exc}")
                log(f"Invalid location: {location}", file=sys.stderr)
                return 1
        else:
            debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: No location or provider specified")
            log(f"No storage location or provider specified", file=sys.stderr)
            return 1

    @staticmethod
    def _resolve_source(
        result: Any,
        path_arg: Optional[str],
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        config: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Path | str], Optional[str]]:
        """Resolve the source file path from args or pipeline result.
        
        PRIORITY: hash+store pattern is preferred over path-based resolution.
        This ensures consistency when @N selections pass hash+store identifiers.
        
        Returns (media_path_or_url, file_hash)
        where media_path_or_url can be a Path object or a URL string.
        """
        # PRIORITY 1: Try hash+store from result dict (most reliable for @N selections)
        if isinstance(result, dict):
            result_hash = result.get("hash")
            result_store = result.get("store")
            if result_hash and result_store:
                debug(f"[add-file] Using hash+store from result: hash={result_hash[:12]}..., store={result_store}")
                # Use get_file to retrieve from the specific store
                try:
                    store = Store(config)
                    if result_store in store.list_backends():
                        backend = store[result_store]
                        media_path = backend.get_file(result_hash)
                        if isinstance(media_path, Path) and media_path.exists():
                            pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
                            debug(f"[add-file] Retrieved file from {result_store}: {media_path}")
                            return media_path, result_hash

                        if isinstance(media_path, str) and media_path.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://")):
                            pipe_obj.path = media_path
                            debug(f"[add-file] Retrieved URL from {result_store}: {media_path}")
                            return media_path, result_hash
                except Exception as exc:
                    debug(f"[add-file] Failed to retrieve via hash+store: {exc}")
        
        # PRIORITY 2: Try explicit path argument
        if path_arg:
            media_path = Path(path_arg)
            pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
            debug(f"[add-file] Using explicit path argument: {media_path}")
            return media_path, None

        # PRIORITY 3: Try from pipe_obj.path (check file first before URL)
        pipe_path = getattr(pipe_obj, "path", None)
        if pipe_path:
            pipe_path_str = str(pipe_path)
            debug(f"Resolved pipe_path: {pipe_path_str}")
            if pipe_path_str.startswith("hydrus:"):
                file_hash = pipe_path_str.split(":", 1)[1]
                media_path, success = Add_File._fetch_hydrus_path(file_hash, config)
                return media_path, file_hash if success else None
            # Check if pipe_path is a URL - skip to URL handling below
            if not pipe_path_str.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
                media_path = Path(pipe_path_str)
                return media_path, None
        
        # PRIORITY 4: Try from pipe_obj.url (for streaming url without downloaded file)
        pipe_url = getattr(pipe_obj, "url", None)
        if pipe_url and isinstance(pipe_url, str):
            # Check if it's a URL
            if pipe_url.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
                debug(f"Detected URL in pipe_obj.url: {pipe_url}")
                return pipe_url, None

        # Try from hydrus hash in pipe_obj.extra or hash
        hydrus_hash = None
        if isinstance(pipe_obj.extra, dict):
            hydrus_hash = pipe_obj.extra.get("hydrus_hash") or pipe_obj.extra.get("hash")
        hydrus_hash = hydrus_hash or pipe_obj.hash

        if hydrus_hash and hydrus_hash != "unknown":
            media_path, success = Add_File._fetch_hydrus_path(str(hydrus_hash), config)
            return media_path, str(hydrus_hash) if success else None

        # Try from result (if it's a string path or URL)
        if isinstance(result, str):
            debug(f"Checking result string: {result}")
            # Check if result is a URL before treating as file path
            if result.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
                debug(f"Detected URL in result string: {result}")
                return result, None  # Return URL string directly
            media_path = Path(result)
            pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
            return media_path, None

        # Try from result if it's a list (pipeline emits multiple results)
        if isinstance(result, list) and result:
            first_item = result[0]
            # If the first item is a string, it's either a URL or a file path
            if isinstance(first_item, str):
                debug(f"Checking result list[0]: {first_item}")
                if first_item.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
                    debug(f"Detected URL in result list: {first_item}")
                    return first_item, None  # Return URL string directly
                media_path = Path(first_item)
                pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
                return media_path, None

            # If the first item is a dict, interpret it as a PipeObject-style result
            if isinstance(first_item, dict):
                # Look for path or path-like keys
                path_candidate = first_item.get("path") or first_item.get("filepath") or first_item.get("file")
                # If the dict includes a 'paths' list (multi-part/section download), prefer the first file
                if not path_candidate and isinstance(first_item.get("paths"), (list, tuple)) and first_item.get("paths"):
                    path_candidate = first_item.get("paths")[0]
                if path_candidate:
                    debug(f"Resolved path from result dict: {path_candidate}")
                    try:
                        media_path = Path(path_candidate)
                        pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
                        return media_path, first_item.get("hash")
                    except Exception:
                        # Fallback to returning string if not a path
                        return str(path_candidate), first_item.get("hash")

            # If first item is a PipeObject object
            try:
                # models.PipeObject is an actual class; check attribute presence
                import models as _models
                if isinstance(first_item, _models.PipeObject):
                    path_candidate = getattr(first_item, "path", None)
                    if path_candidate:
                        debug(f"Resolved path from PipeObject: {path_candidate}")
                        media_path = Path(path_candidate)
                        pipe_obj.path = str(media_path)
                        return media_path, getattr(first_item, "hash", None)
            except Exception:
                pass

        debug(f"No resolution path matched. pipe_obj.path={pipe_path}, result type={type(result).__name__}")
        log("File path could not be resolved")
        return None, None

    @staticmethod
    def _fetch_hydrus_path(file_hash: str, config: Dict[str, Any]) -> Tuple[Optional[Path], bool]:
        """Fetch the physical path of a file from Hydrus using its hash."""
        if not file_hash:
            return None, False

        try:
            client = hydrus_wrapper.get_client(config)
            if not client:
                log("❌ Hydrus client not available", file=sys.stderr)
                return None, False

            response = client.get_file_path(file_hash)
            file_path_str = response.get("path")
            if not file_path_str:
                log(f"❌ Hydrus file_path endpoint did not return a path", file=sys.stderr)
                return None, False

            media_path = Path(file_path_str)
            if not media_path.exists():
                log(f"❌ Hydrus file path does not exist: {media_path}", file=sys.stderr)
                return None, False

            log(f"✓ Retrieved Hydrus file path: {media_path}", file=sys.stderr)
            return media_path, True
        except Exception as exc:
            log(f"❌ Failed to get Hydrus file path: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
            return None, False

    @staticmethod
    def _validate_source(media_path: Optional[Path]) -> bool:
        """Validate that the source file exists and is supported."""
        if media_path is None:
            return False

        target_str = str(media_path)

        # If it's a URL target, we skip file existence checks
        if target_str.lower().startswith(("http://", "https://", "magnet:", "torrent:")):
            return True

        if not media_path.exists() or not media_path.is_file():
            log(f"File not found: {media_path}")
            return False

        # Validate file type
        file_extension = media_path.suffix.lower()
        if file_extension not in SUPPORTED_MEDIA_EXTENSIONS:
            log(f"❌ Unsupported file type: {file_extension}", file=sys.stderr)
            return False

        return True

    @staticmethod
    def _is_url_target(media_path: Optional[Path]) -> bool:
        """Check if the target is a URL that needs downloading."""
        if media_path and str(media_path).lower().startswith(("http://", "https://")):
            return True
        return False

    def _delegate_to_download_data(
        self,
        result: Any,
        url_str: str,
        location: Optional[str],
        provider_name: Optional[str],
        args: Sequence[str],
        config: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> int:
        """Delegate URL handling to download-media cmdlet."""
        log(f"Target is a URL, delegating to download-media: {url_str}", file=sys.stderr)
        # Reuse the globally-registered cmdlet instance to avoid duplicative registration
        from cmdlet.download_media import CMDLET as dl_cmdlet
        dl_args = list(args) if args else []

        # Add the URL to the argument list for download-media
        dl_args.insert(0, url_str)
        
        # If result has selection_args (like -item from @N selection), include them
        if isinstance(result, dict) and "_selection_args" in result:
            selection_args = result["_selection_args"]
            if selection_args:
                dl_args.extend(selection_args)
        elif hasattr(result, 'extra') and isinstance(result.extra, dict) and "_selection_args" in result.extra:
            selection_args = result.extra["_selection_args"]
            if selection_args:
                dl_args.extend(selection_args)

        # download-media doesn't support -storage flag
        # It downloads to the configured directory, then add-file will handle storage
        # Note: Provider uploads (0x0) are not supported via this path

        # Call download-media with the URL in args
        return dl_cmdlet.run(None, dl_args, config)

    @staticmethod
    def _get_url(result: Any, pipe_obj: models.PipeObject) -> List[str]:
        url: List[str] = []
        try:
            if isinstance(pipe_obj.extra, dict):
                url = list(pipe_obj.extra.get("url") or pipe_obj.extra.get("url") or [])
        except Exception:
            pass

        if not url and isinstance(result, dict):
            url = list(result.get("url") or result.get("url") or [])
        if not url:
            url = list(extract_url_from_result(result) or [])
        return url

    @staticmethod
    def _get_relationships(result: Any, pipe_obj: models.PipeObject) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        try:
            rels = pipe_obj.get_relationships()
            if rels:
                return rels
        except Exception:
            pass
        if isinstance(result, dict) and result.get("relationships"):
            return result.get("relationships")
        try:
            return extract_relationships(result)
        except Exception:
            return None

    @staticmethod
    def _get_duration(result: Any, pipe_obj: models.PipeObject) -> Optional[float]:
        if getattr(pipe_obj, "duration", None) is not None:
            return pipe_obj.duration
        try:
            return extract_duration(result)
        except Exception:
            return None

    @staticmethod
    def _update_pipe_object_destination(
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        *,
        hash_value: str,
        store: str,
        path: Optional[str],
        tag: List[str],
        title: Optional[str],
        extra_updates: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        pipe_obj.hash = hash_value
        pipe_obj.store = store
        pipe_obj.path = path
        pipe_obj.tag = tag
        if title:
            pipe_obj.title = title
        if isinstance(pipe_obj.extra, dict):
            pipe_obj.extra.update(extra_updates or {})
        else:
            pipe_obj.extra = dict(extra_updates or {})

    @staticmethod
    def _emit_pipe_object(pipe_obj: models.PipeObject) -> None:
        from result_table import format_result
        log(format_result(pipe_obj, title="Result"), file=sys.stderr)
        ctx.emit(pipe_obj.to_dict())
        ctx.set_current_stage_table(None)

    @staticmethod
    def _prepare_metadata(
        result: Any,
        media_path: Path,
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        config: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str], Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
        """
        Prepare tags, url, and title for the file.
        Returns (tags, url, preferred_title, file_hash)
        """
        tags_from_result = list(pipe_obj.tag or [])
        if not tags_from_result:
            try:
                tags_from_result = list(extract_tag_from_result(result) or [])
            except Exception:
                tags_from_result = []

        url_from_result = Add_File._get_url(result, pipe_obj)

        preferred_title = pipe_obj.title
        if not preferred_title:
            for t in tags_from_result:
                if str(t).strip().lower().startswith("title:"):
                    candidate = t.split(":", 1)[1].strip().replace("_", " ").strip()
                    if candidate:
                        preferred_title = candidate
                        break
        if not preferred_title:
            preferred_title = extract_title_from_result(result)
            if preferred_title:
                preferred_title = preferred_title.replace("_", " ").strip()

        store = getattr(pipe_obj, "store", None)
        _, sidecar_hash, sidecar_tags, sidecar_url = Add_File._load_sidecar_bundle(
            media_path, store, config
        )

        def normalize_title_tag(tag: str) -> str:
            if str(tag).strip().lower().startswith("title:"):
                parts = tag.split(":", 1)
                if len(parts) == 2:
                    value = parts[1].replace("_", " ").strip()
                    return f"title:{value}"
            return tag

        tags_from_result_no_title = [t for t in tags_from_result if not str(t).strip().lower().startswith("title:")]
        sidecar_tags = collapse_namespace_tag([normalize_title_tag(t) for t in sidecar_tags], "title", prefer="last")
        sidecar_tags_filtered = [t for t in sidecar_tags if not str(t).strip().lower().startswith("title:")]

        merged_tags = merge_sequences(tags_from_result_no_title, sidecar_tags_filtered, case_sensitive=True)

        if preferred_title:
            merged_tags.append(f"title:{preferred_title}")

        merged_url = merge_sequences(url_from_result, sidecar_url, case_sensitive=False)

        file_hash = Add_File._resolve_file_hash(result, media_path, pipe_obj, sidecar_hash)

        # Persist back to PipeObject
        pipe_obj.tag = merged_tags
        if preferred_title and not pipe_obj.title:
            pipe_obj.title = preferred_title
        if file_hash and not pipe_obj.hash:
            pipe_obj.hash = file_hash
        if isinstance(pipe_obj.extra, dict):
            pipe_obj.extra.setdefault("url", merged_url)
        return merged_tags, merged_url, preferred_title, file_hash

    @staticmethod
    def _handle_local_export(
        media_path: Path,
        location: str,
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        config: Dict[str, Any],
        delete_after: bool,
    ) -> int:
        """Handle exporting to a specific local path (Copy)."""
        try:
            destination_root = Path(location)
        except Exception as exc:
            log(f"❌ Invalid destination path '{location}': {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
            return 1

        log(f"Exporting to local path: {destination_root}", file=sys.stderr)

        result = None
        tags, url, title, f_hash = Add_File._prepare_metadata(result, media_path, pipe_obj, config)

        # Determine Filename (Title-based)
        title_value = title
        if not title_value:
            # Try to find title in tags
            title_tag = next((t for t in tags if str(t).strip().lower().startswith("title:")), None)
            if title_tag:
                title_value = title_tag.split(":", 1)[1].strip()

        if not title_value:
            title_value = media_path.stem.replace("_", " ").strip()

        safe_title = "".join(c for c in title_value if c.isalnum() or c in " ._-()[]{}'`").strip()
        base_name = safe_title or media_path.stem
        new_name = base_name + media_path.suffix

        destination_root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        target_path = destination_root / new_name

        if target_path.exists():
            target_path = unique_path(target_path)

        # COPY Operation (Safe Export)
        try:
            shutil.copy2(str(media_path), target_path)
        except Exception as exc:
            log(f"❌ Failed to export file: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
            return 1

        # Copy Sidecars
        Add_File._copy_sidecars(media_path, target_path)

        # Ensure hash for exported copy
        if not f_hash:
            try:
                f_hash = sha256_file(target_path)
            except Exception:
                f_hash = None

        # Write Metadata Sidecars (since it's an export)
        relationships = Add_File._get_relationships(result, pipe_obj)
        try:
            write_sidecar(target_path, tags, url, f_hash)
            write_metadata(target_path, hash_value=f_hash, url=url, relationships=relationships or [])
        except Exception:
            pass

        # Update PipeObject and emit
        extra_updates = {
            "url": url,
            "export_path": str(destination_root),
        }
        if relationships:
            extra_updates["relationships"] = relationships

        chosen_title = title or title_value or pipe_obj.title or target_path.name

        Add_File._update_pipe_object_destination(
            pipe_obj,
            hash_value=f_hash or "unknown",
            store="local",
            path=str(target_path),
            tag=tags,
            title=chosen_title,
            extra_updates=extra_updates,
        )
        Add_File._emit_pipe_object(pipe_obj)

        # Cleanup
        # Only delete if explicitly requested!
        Add_File._cleanup_after_success(media_path, delete_source=delete_after)

        return 0

    @staticmethod
    def _download_soulseek_file(
        result: Any,
        config: Dict[str, Any]
    ) -> Optional[Path]:
        """
        Download a file from Soulseek peer.
        
        Extracts username and filename from soulseek result metadata and initiates download.
        """
        try:
            import asyncio
            from ProviderCore.registry import download_soulseek_file
            from pathlib import Path
            
            # Extract metadata from result
            full_metadata = {}
            if isinstance(result, dict):
                full_metadata = result.get("full_metadata", {})
            elif hasattr(result, "extra") and isinstance(result.extra, dict) and "full_metadata" in result.extra:
                full_metadata = result.extra.get("full_metadata", {})
            elif hasattr(result, "full_metadata"):
                # Direct attribute access (fallback)
                val = getattr(result, "full_metadata", {})
                if isinstance(val, dict):
                    full_metadata = val
            
            username = full_metadata.get("username")
            filename = full_metadata.get("filename")

            if not username or not filename:
                debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: Could not extract soulseek metadata from result (type={type(result).__name__})")
                if hasattr(result, "extra"):
                    debug(f"[add-file] Result extra keys: {list(result.extra.keys())}")
                return None
            
            if not username or not filename:
                debug(f"[add-file] ERROR: Missing soulseek metadata (username={username}, filename={filename})")
                return None
            
            debug(f"[add-file] Starting soulseek download: {username} -> {filename}")
            
            # Determine output directory (prefer downloads folder in config)
            output_dir = Path(config.get("output_dir", "./downloads")) if isinstance(config.get("output_dir"), str) else Path("./downloads")
            output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
            
            # Run async download in event loop
            try:
                loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
                if loop.is_closed():
                    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
                    asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
            except RuntimeError:
                loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
                asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
            
            downloaded_path = loop.run_until_complete(
                download_soulseek_file(
                    username=username,
                    filename=filename,
                    output_dir=output_dir,
                    timeout=1200  # 20 minutes
                )
            )
            
            return downloaded_path
            
        except Exception as e:
            log(f"[add-file] Soulseek download error: {type(e).__name__}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
            debug(f"[add-file] Soulseek download traceback: {e}")
            return None

    @staticmethod
    def _handle_provider_upload(
        media_path: Path,
        provider_name: str,
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        config: Dict[str, Any],
        delete_after: bool,
    ) -> int:
        """Handle uploading to a file provider (e.g. 0x0)."""
        from ProviderCore.registry import get_file_provider

        log(f"Uploading via {provider_name}: {media_path.name}", file=sys.stderr)

        try:
            file_provider = get_file_provider(provider_name, config)
            if not file_provider:
                log(f"File provider '{provider_name}' not available", file=sys.stderr)
                return 1

            hoster_url = file_provider.upload(str(media_path))
            log(f"File uploaded: {hoster_url}", file=sys.stderr)

            # Associate URL with Hydrus if possible
            f_hash = Add_File._resolve_file_hash(None, media_path, pipe_obj, None)
            if f_hash:
                try:
                    client = hydrus_wrapper.get_client(config)
                    if client:
                        client.associate_url(f_hash, hoster_url)
                except Exception:
                    pass

        except Exception as exc:
            log(f"Upload failed: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
            return 1

        # Update PipeObject and emit
        extra_updates: Dict[str, Any] = {
            "provider": provider_name,
            "provider_url": hoster_url,
        }
        if isinstance(pipe_obj.extra, dict):
            # Also track hoster URL as a url for downstream steps
            existing_known = list(pipe_obj.extra.get("url") or [])
            if hoster_url and hoster_url not in existing_known:
                existing_known.append(hoster_url)
            extra_updates["url"] = existing_known

        file_path = pipe_obj.path or (str(media_path) if media_path else None) or ""
        Add_File._update_pipe_object_destination(
            pipe_obj,
            hash_value=f_hash or "unknown",
            store=provider_name or "provider",
            path=file_path,
            tag=pipe_obj.tag,
            title=pipe_obj.title or (media_path.name if media_path else None),
            extra_updates=extra_updates,
        )
        Add_File._emit_pipe_object(pipe_obj)

        Add_File._cleanup_after_success(media_path, delete_source=delete_after)
        return 0

    @staticmethod
    def _handle_storage_backend(
        media_path: Path,
        backend_name: str,
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        config: Dict[str, Any],
        delete_after: bool,
    ) -> int:
        """Handle uploading to a registered storage backend (e.g., 'test' folder store, 'hydrus', etc.)."""
        log(f"Adding file to storage backend '{backend_name}': {media_path.name}", file=sys.stderr)
        
        try:
            store = Store(config)
            backend = store[backend_name]
            
            # Prepare metadata from pipe_obj and sidecars
            tags, url, title, f_hash = Add_File._prepare_metadata(None, media_path, pipe_obj, config)
            
            # Call backend's add_file with full metadata
            # Backend returns hash as identifier
            file_identifier = backend.add_file(
                media_path, 
                title=title,
                tags=tags,
                url=url
            )
            log(f"✓ File added to '{backend_name}': {file_identifier}", file=sys.stderr)

            stored_path: Optional[str] = None
            try:
                maybe_path = backend.get_file(file_identifier)
                if isinstance(maybe_path, Path):
                    stored_path = str(maybe_path)
                elif isinstance(maybe_path, str) and maybe_path:
                    # Some backends may return a browser URL
                    stored_path = maybe_path
            except Exception:
                stored_path = None
            
            Add_File._update_pipe_object_destination(
                pipe_obj,
                hash_value=file_identifier if len(file_identifier) == 64 else f_hash or "unknown",
                store=backend_name,
                path=stored_path,
                tag=tags,
                title=title or pipe_obj.title or media_path.name,
                extra_updates={
                    "url": url,
                },
            )
            Add_File._emit_pipe_object(pipe_obj)
            
            Add_File._cleanup_after_success(media_path, delete_source=delete_after)
            return 0
            
        except Exception as exc:
            log(f"❌ Failed to add file to backend '{backend_name}': {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
            import traceback
            traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
            return 1

    # --- Helpers ---

    @staticmethod
    def _load_sidecar_bundle(
        media_path: Path,
        store: Optional[str],
        config: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Path], Optional[str], List[str], List[str]]:
        """Load sidecar metadata."""
        if store and store.lower() == "local":
            try:
                from config import get_local_storage_path
                db_root = get_local_storage_path(config)
                if db_root:
                    with API_folder_store(Path(db_root)) as db:
                        file_hash = db.get_file_hash(media_path)
                        if file_hash:
                            tags = db.get_tags(file_hash) or []
                            metadata = db.get_metadata(file_hash) or {}
                            url = metadata.get("url") or []
                            f_hash = metadata.get("hash") or file_hash
                            if tags or url or f_hash:
                                return None, f_hash, tags, url
            except Exception:
                pass

        try:
            sidecar_path = find_sidecar(media_path)
            if sidecar_path and sidecar_path.exists():
                h, t, u = read_sidecar(sidecar_path)
                return sidecar_path, h, t or [], u or []
        except Exception:
            pass
        return None, None, [], []

    @staticmethod
    def _resolve_file_hash(
        result: Any,
        media_path: Path,
        pipe_obj: models.PipeObject,
        fallback_hash: Optional[str],
    ) -> Optional[str]:
        if pipe_obj.hash and pipe_obj.hash != "unknown":
            return pipe_obj.hash
        if fallback_hash:
            return fallback_hash

        if isinstance(result, dict):
            candidate = result.get('hash')
            if candidate:
                return str(candidate)

        try:
            return sha256_file(media_path)
        except Exception:
            return None

    @staticmethod
    def _resolve_media_kind(path: Path) -> str:
        # Reusing logic
        suffix = path.suffix.lower()
        if suffix in {'.mp3', '.flac', '.wav', '.m4a', '.aac', '.ogg', '.opus', '.wma', '.mka'}:
            return 'audio'
        if suffix in {'.mp4', '.mkv', '.webm', '.mov', '.avi', '.flv', '.mpg', '.mpeg', '.ts', '.m4v', '.wmv'}:
            return 'video'
        if suffix in {'.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png', '.gif', '.webp', '.bmp', '.tiff'}:
            return 'image'
        if suffix in {'.pdf', '.epub', '.txt', '.mobi', '.azw3', '.cbz', '.cbr', '.doc', '.docx'}:
            return 'document'
        return 'other'

    @staticmethod
    def _persist_local_metadata(
        library_root: Path,
        dest_path: Path,
        tags: List[str],
        url: List[str],
        f_hash: Optional[str],
        relationships: Any,
        duration: Any,
        media_kind: str,
    ):
        payload = {
            'hash': f_hash,
            'url': url,
            'relationships': relationships or [],
            'duration': duration,
            'size': None,
            'ext': dest_path.suffix.lower(),
            'media_type': media_kind,
            'media_kind': media_kind,
        }
        try:
            payload['size'] = dest_path.stat().st_size
        except OSError:
            payload['size'] = None

        with API_folder_store(library_root) as db:
            try:
                db.save_file_info(dest_path, payload, tags)
            except Exception as exc:
                log(f"⚠️  Failed to persist metadata: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)

    @staticmethod
    def _copy_sidecars(source_path: Path, target_path: Path):
        possible_sidecars = [
            source_path.with_suffix(source_path.suffix + ".json"),
            source_path.with_name(source_path.name + ".tag"),
            source_path.with_name(source_path.name + ".metadata"),
            source_path.with_name(source_path.name + ".notes"),
        ]
        for sc in possible_sidecars:
            try:
                if sc.exists():
                    suffix_part = sc.name.replace(source_path.name, "", 1)
                    dest_sidecar = target_path.parent / f"{target_path.name}{suffix_part}"
                    dest_sidecar.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
                    shutil.copy2(str(sc), dest_sidecar)
            except Exception:
                pass

    @staticmethod
    def _cleanup_after_success(media_path: Path, delete_source: bool):
        if not delete_source:
            return

        # Check if it's a temp file that should always be deleted
        is_temp_merge = "(merged)" in media_path.name or ".dlhx_" in media_path.name

        if delete_source or is_temp_merge:
            log(f"Deleting source file...", file=sys.stderr)
            try:
                media_path.unlink()
                Add_File._cleanup_sidecar_files(media_path)
            except Exception as exc:
                log(f"⚠️  Could not delete file: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)

    @staticmethod
    def _cleanup_sidecar_files(media_path: Path):
        targets = [
            media_path.parent / (media_path.name + '.metadata'),
            media_path.parent / (media_path.name + '.notes'),
            media_path.parent / (media_path.name + '.tag'),
        ]
        for target in targets:
            try:
                if target.exists():
                    target.unlink()
            except Exception:
                pass


# Create and register the cmdlet
CMDLET = Add_File()